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Penile Self-Injection Guide for Erectile Dysfunction

Updated December 5, 2025
10 min read
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Penile self-injection therapy, also known as intracavernosal injection (ICI), is one of the most effective treatments for erectile dysfunction. This therapy involves injecting medication directly into the penis to produce an erection, and it works for many men who haven't had success with oral medications like Viagra or Cialis.

While the idea of self-injection may seem intimidating at first, most men find the process straightforward and nearly painless once they learn the proper technique. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about penile self-injection therapy.

What is Penile Injection Therapy?

Penile injection therapy involves injecting medication directly into the corpora cavernosa (the erectile tissue) of the penis. The medication causes the blood vessels to relax and dilate, allowing increased blood flow into the penis, which produces an erection.

This treatment is highly effective because it bypasses many of the common causes of erectile dysfunction, working directly on the penile tissue rather than relying on systemic circulation or nerve pathways.

Common Injection Medications

Trimix (Most Common)

A combination of three medications: alprostadil (prostaglandin E1), phentolamine, and papaverine. This is the most commonly prescribed formulation due to its effectiveness and customizable dosing.

Bimix

Contains only two medications: papaverine and phentolamine. Used when patients have sensitivity to alprostadil.

Quadmix

Adds atropine to the Trimix formula for enhanced effectiveness in some patients.

Alprostadil (Caverject) Alone

Single-agent therapy that is FDA-approved but may cause more burning sensation than combination medications.

Who Should Consider Penile Injection Therapy?

Penile injection therapy may be an excellent option if you:

Oral Meds Don't Work

Haven't had success with Viagra, Cialis, or Levitra

Medical Contraindications

Cannot take oral ED medications due to heart conditions or drug interactions

Post-Surgery or Radiation

Recovering from prostate surgery or radiation therapy

Need Reliable Results

Want predictable, consistent erections with high success rates

Neurological Issues

Have nerve damage from diabetes, spinal cord injury, or other conditions

Quick Onset Needed

Want erections that occur within 5-15 minutes

Benefits of Penile Injection Therapy

Extremely High Success Rate

Success rates range from 70-90%, significantly higher than oral medications. Works even when oral medications have failed.

Fast Acting

Produces an erection within 5-15 minutes, much faster than oral medications which can take 30-60 minutes.

Predictable Duration

Erection typically lasts 30-60 minutes, providing adequate time for sexual activity without the extended duration of oral medications.

Not Affected by Food or Alcohol

Works regardless of what you've eaten or had to drink, unlike oral medications which can be affected by food and alcohol.

No Systemic Side Effects

Medication acts locally on the penis without causing headaches, facial flushing, nasal congestion, or vision changes common with oral ED medications.

Cost-Effective

Generally more affordable than brand-name oral ED medications, especially when obtained from compounding pharmacies.

Customizable Dosing

Medication strength can be easily adjusted to find the perfect dose for your needs, providing optimal results with minimal side effects.

Step-by-Step Injection Instructions

Follow these detailed instructions carefully. Your healthcare provider will demonstrate the technique during your first visit and may supervise your initial injections.

1

Prepare Your Supplies

Gather the following items:

  • Refrigerated medication vial (allow to reach room temperature)
  • Insulin syringe (typically 0.3-0.5 mL with 29-31 gauge needle)
  • Alcohol swabs
  • Gauze or tissue
  • Sharps container for safe needle disposal
2

Wash Your Hands

Thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. This is crucial to prevent infection.

3

Draw Up the Medication

  • Clean the rubber stopper on the vial with an alcohol swab
  • Draw air into the syringe equal to your prescribed dose
  • Insert the needle into the vial and inject the air
  • Turn the vial upside down and draw your prescribed dose
  • Tap the syringe to remove air bubbles and push them out
  • Double-check you have the correct dose
4

Identify the Correct Injection Site

Important: Inject into the side of the penis shaft, NOT the top, bottom, head, or base.

  • The injection site is in the "9 o'clock" or "3 o'clock" position when looking at the penis from above
  • Choose a spot about halfway up the shaft
  • Avoid visible veins
  • Alternate sides with each injection to prevent scar tissue buildup
5

Clean the Injection Site

Use an alcohol swab to clean the injection site. Allow it to air dry completely (do not blow on it or wipe it off).

6

Position the Penis

  • Hold the penis firmly to keep it steady
  • Stretch it gently to make the skin taut
  • Position it so you have a clear view of the injection site
7

Insert the Needle and Inject

  • Hold the syringe at a 90-degree angle to the penis
  • Insert the needle quickly and smoothly through the skin
  • Push the plunger slowly and steadily to inject the medication (should take 5-10 seconds)
  • Remove the needle quickly at the same angle it went in

Pro Tip: Most men report the injection feels like a small pinch or mosquito bite. The needle is very small and thin.

8

Apply Pressure

Immediately apply firm pressure to the injection site with gauze or tissue for 2-3 minutes. This helps:

  • Prevent bleeding
  • Keep the medication from leaking out
  • Reduce bruising
9

Dispose of the Needle Safely

Place the used needle and syringe in a sharps container immediately. Never recap needles or throw them in regular trash.

10

Wait for Results

An erection should develop within 5-15 minutes. You can stimulate the penis gently to encourage the erection, but it's not required. The erection will typically last 30-60 minutes.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

While penile injection therapy is generally safe and well-tolerated, it's important to be aware of potential side effects and risks:

Common Side Effects (Usually Mild)

Minor Bleeding or Bruising

Small amount of bleeding at injection site is normal

Burning or Stinging

Temporary discomfort during or after injection

Small Lumps or Nodules

Usually temporary and resolve on their own

Penile Pain

Mild discomfort during erection (more common with alprostadil)

Serious Risks (Require Immediate Medical Attention)

Priapism (Prolonged Erection)

An erection lasting more than 4 hours is a medical emergency. If left untreated, it can cause permanent damage to the penis and erectile tissue.

If your erection lasts more than 4 hours, go to the emergency room immediately or call 911.

Infection

Rare but possible. Watch for redness, warmth, swelling, pus, or fever. Seek medical attention if these symptoms develop.

Fibrosis (Scar Tissue)

Long-term use can cause scar tissue buildup, which may lead to penile curvature (Peyronie's disease). This risk is minimized by alternating injection sites and using proper technique.

Cardiovascular Effects

Rarely, the medication can affect blood pressure or heart rate. Report any dizziness, chest pain, or irregular heartbeat to your doctor.

How to Minimize Risks

  • Always use the exact dose prescribed by your doctor
  • Rotate injection sites with each use
  • Use proper sterile technique
  • Do not inject more than prescribed, even if the erection isn't as firm as desired
  • Wait at least 24 hours between injections
  • Keep regular follow-up appointments with your provider

Important Tips and Best Practices

Proper Storage

  • Store medication in the refrigerator (36-46°F)
  • Do not freeze
  • Protect from light (keep in original vial/packaging)
  • Check expiration date before each use
  • Allow medication to reach room temperature before injecting (about 15-20 minutes)

Usage Frequency

  • Do not use more than once per day
  • Wait at least 24 hours between injections
  • Most patients use 1-3 times per week
  • Overuse increases risk of priapism and scarring

Finding Your Optimal Dose

Your healthcare provider will start you on a low dose and gradually increase it until you find the amount that produces a satisfactory erection lasting 30-60 minutes.

Important: Never adjust your dose without consulting your healthcare provider. Even small increases can significantly affect results.

Alcohol and Sexual Activity

  • Moderate alcohol consumption is generally acceptable
  • Excessive alcohol may reduce effectiveness
  • Sexual stimulation is helpful but not required for the medication to work
  • The erection will occur whether or not you engage in sexual activity

Communicating with Your Partner

Open communication with your partner about this treatment can enhance your experience:

  • Discuss the timing needed for the injection (5-15 minutes before activity)
  • Some partners find the process of administering the injection together to be intimate
  • Reassure your partner that this is a medical treatment, not a reflection on your relationship
  • Be patient during the initial dose-finding period

Traveling with Your Medication

  • Use an insulated cooler bag with ice packs to keep medication cold
  • Carry syringes and medication in original packaging with prescription label
  • Consider carrying a letter from your doctor explaining the medical necessity
  • Refrigerate as soon as you reach your destination

Frequently Asked Questions

Taking Control of Your Sexual Health

Penile injection therapy is a highly effective, safe, and convenient treatment for erectile dysfunction. While the idea of self-injection may seem daunting at first, most men quickly become comfortable with the process and appreciate the reliability and effectiveness of this treatment option.

With proper instruction, technique, and dosing, penile injections can restore your confidence and sexual function, allowing you to enjoy a fulfilling intimate life. The high success rate and minimal side effects make this an excellent choice for many men, especially those who haven't had success with oral medications.

Key Takeaways

Highly effective treatment with 70-90% success rate, even when oral medications have failed

Fast-acting and predictable – produces erections within 5-15 minutes lasting 30-60 minutes

Nearly painless when proper technique is used with small, thin needles

Requires proper training from a healthcare provider and careful attention to technique and dosing

Main risk is priapism (erection lasting more than 4 hours) – seek emergency care if this occurs

Important Medical Information

This article is for educational purposes only and does not replace medical advice from your healthcare provider. Penile injection therapy should only be used under the supervision of a qualified physician.

Seek immediate emergency care if: Your erection lasts more than 4 hours, you experience severe pain, you notice signs of infection (redness, warmth, swelling, pus, fever), or you have chest pain, difficulty breathing, or irregular heartbeat.

Ready to Explore Penile Injection Therapy?

Schedule a consultation with Dr. Wille to learn if penile injection therapy is right for you. We'll provide comprehensive training and ongoing support.